By R. S. Willows
Excerpt from floor pressure and floor strength and Their effect on Chemical Phenomena
The current small e-book is predicated on a process lectures brought on the Sir John Cass Technical Institute via one of many authors, in accordance with the desires of a couple of scholars who had attended the direction on colloids.
The item of the paintings is to offer the scholar of chemistry an enough inspiration of the elemental legislation of floor pressure and floor strength whereas fending off the merely mathematical workouts which occupy lots of the distance dedicated to the topic in textbooks of physics, after which to deal at a few size with the relatives among floor power and such constants and phenomena as usually are of curiosity to the chemist and biologist. The mathematical therapy has been limited to what's completely crucial, and usually the purpose has been to offer verified proof or hypotheses that have proved their worth instead of to use them to big situations of restricted curiosity. As our leader item has been to reveal the actual ideas concerned, few experimental info were given aside from the latest investigations.
It is was hoping that the publication could turn out necessary to these engaged within the learn of chemistry, and extra fairly of colloidal chemistry, both from its organic or from its simply chemical aspect.
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Additional info for Willows RS-Surface tension and surface energy and their influence on chemical phenomena
Sample text
Further possible source of error is the alteration of the compressibility of the liquid forming the surface Owing to the high concentrations which may layer. occur in this layer, such a change is probable, since the compressibility of solutions is lower than that But we know from a previous of the solvent. , a greater mutual attraction between the molecules, and we also know that various other properties of a liquid alter with its intrinsic In Gibbs' method of obtaining the adsorppressure. tion formula all these changes and their possible effect on the balance of energy are neglected, and it is, therefore, quite possible that the formula may be inaccurate, although it is very difficult to estimate the magnitude of the error involved.
That the more a dissolved substance reduces the surface tension of water the greater is the velocity of osmosis of the solution. Hence he concludes that it is the difference in the surface tensions of solvent and solution which determines the direction and velocity of osmosis. The direction of flow Traube obtains by the following consideration let M (Fig. 7) be a membrane separating two liquids A and B. The molecules of each liquid are then drawn into its interior by the cohesion or intrinsic pressure.
Sions are those of a surface, L 2 The principal relations established are as follows Its = dimen- . by Walden : ^ (i) where L the = 17-9 Illlfll heat of vaporisation in calories, and a\ is the specific cohesion (as denned above) at the boiling point. , non-associated liquids 6 is latent ; associated liquids give higher values. <> M L b has the same meaning as above is the molecular weight, v the molecular volume, and o- 6 is the surface tension at the boiling point. This relation again holds only for non-associated liquids.
Willows RS-Surface tension and surface energy and their influence on chemical phenomena by R. S. Willows
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