By 0, Jean Langhorne
ISBN-10: 3540257187
ISBN-13: 9783540257189
ISBN-10: 354029967X
ISBN-13: 9783540299677
Malaria remains to be an important worldwide ailment, killing greater than 1 million humans each year. just about all of those deaths are because of Plasmodium falciparum, one of many 4 species of malaria parasites infecting people. This excessive burden of mortality falls seriously on Sub-Saharan Africa, the place over ninety% of those deaths are notion to take place, and five% of kids die ahead of the age of five years. The loss of life toll from malaria remains to be starting to be, with malaria-specific mortality in younger African young ones envisioned to have doubled over the past 20 years. This bring up has been linked to drug resistance of the parasite, unfold of insecticide resistant mosquitoes, poverty, social and political upheaval, and absence of powerful vaccines. This number of studies addresses lots of those vital problems with malarial immunity and immunopathology. they're of curiosity not just to malariologists, yet with a bit of luck additionally to the wider immunological neighborhood. robust interactions with, and suggestions from immunologists operating in different infectious illnesses and in easy immunology may help us to maneuver the sector of malaria immunology and healing intervention ahead extra fast.
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Extra info for Immunology and immunopathogenesis of malaria
Example text
C. Urban et al. 5 Interactions Between DC and NK Cells DCs and NK cells are specialized cells of the innate immune system that perform distinct but mutually dependent functions in the innate immune response to infection. Both cell types are known to rapidly accumulate at the site of pathogen entry and in the marginal zone of the spleen, acting as sentinels against infection. DCs are the principal cells responsible for presenting antigen and activating an appropriate immune response, whereas NK cells are innate effector cells that through their cytolytic activity and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IFN-γ, help control infection and augment downstream antigen-specific responses.
6 Innate Immunity to Plasmodium Blood-Stage Infection in Humans Dendritic Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monocytes/Macrophages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NK Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NKT Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . γδ T Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cytokines . . . . . .
Yoelii YM or P. chabaudi AS [127]. Transfer of antigen-pulsed DCs also can induce crossstrain protection and is associated with malaria-specific production of IFN-γ and IL-4 as well as malaria-specific antibody following challenge infection. Fig. 1 DC-derived signals are required for T-cell priming. Based on data from mouse models of blood-stage malaria infection and consistent with the classic model of DC–T-cell interaction, DCs present Plasmodium-derived antigens (Signal 1) on MHC molecules, express high levels of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD40, CD80 and CD86 (Signal 2), and produce cytokines and chemokines (Signal 3) that promote and recruit antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell responses Early Interactions Between Blood-Stage Plasmodium Parasites 39 Moreover, no protection was observed in IL-12 p40-/- mice after lethal P.
Immunology and immunopathogenesis of malaria by 0, Jean Langhorne
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