By S. Safe, L. Safe, M. Mullin (auth.), Prof. Dr. Stephen Safe (eds.)
ISBN-10: 3642705502
ISBN-13: 9783642705502
ISBN-10: 3642705529
ISBN-13: 9783642705526
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were produced commercially when you consider that be fore 1930. They proved to be hugely flexible combinations and their makes use of endured to extend through the early 1970's even after the unanticipated world-wide en vironmental infection were chanced on (Jensen et aI. , 1969; Koeman et aI. , 1969). Over 600,000 metric-tons have been produced and/or utilized in the U. S. in this time and it truly is expected that all over the world creation totaled approximately 1,200,000 metric-tons (Table 1). With low acute toxicities (Fishbein, 1974), those combos have been thought of gen erally biologically inactive even if commercial publicity had established he patic and dermatological results (Fishbein, 1974; Hansen, 1987). therefore, use and disposal weren't conscientiously monitored and it truly is envisioned that one-third of the world-wide construction of PCBs has been published into the worldwide setting (Table 1). desk 1. envisioned construction and disposition of PCBs b U. s. a world 6 6 Production/use 610 X 10 kg 1200 X 10 kg Mobil environmental reservoir eighty two four hundred Static reservoirs In carrier 340 Dumps a hundred thirty overall static 470 800 a NAS, 1979 b Tatsukawa and Tanaba, 1984 2 Environmental Distribution many nations now impose strict controls at the use and unlock of PCBs. Re rent into the surroundings has declined dramatically within the final decade, yet con tinued unencumber from reservoirs (Table 1) into confused ecosystems (Table 2) ap pears inevitable for numerous extra a long time (Barros et aI. , 1984).
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Extra resources for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Mammalian and Environmental Toxicology
Example text
Chem. 29:1012 Hansen LG, Wiekhorst WB, Simon J (1976) J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, 33:1343 Haraguchi H, Kuroki H, Masuda Y, Shigematsu N (1984) Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 22:283 Harms U, Drescher HE, Huschenbeth E (1978) Meeresforsch. 26:153 Hawes ML, Kricher JC, Urey JC (1976) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 15:14 Hays H, Risebrough RW (1971) Nat. Hist. 80:39 Hays H, Risebrough RW (1972) Auk. 89:19 Heinz GH, Hill EF, Contrera JF (1980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 53:75 Helle E, Olsson M, Jensen S (1976a) Ambio.
PCB 105, 118, 156 and 189) may be more important in terms of TCDD-like activity and occurrence (Safe, 1984). , PCB 128, 138, 153, 170, 180) are very significant components of PCB residues (Table 4). PCBs 128, 138 and 170 have reduced TCDD-like effects whereas PDB 153 evokes no TCDD-like responses. This latter PCB resembles phenobarbital (PB) in its mode of induction of P-450 monooxygenases. , 1985a) since they elicit effects similar to co-administration of PB plus MC. Toxicities other than those associated with the Ah locus do not appear to follow strict structure/aCtivity patterns, but there have been few systematic studies.
Offic. Anal. Chern. 66:456 Bush B, Shane LA, Wilson LR, Barnard EL, Barnes D (1986) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 15:285 Bush B, Simpson KW, Shane L, Koblintz RR (1985) Bull. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 34:96 Bush B, Tumasonis CE, Baker FD (1974) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2:195 Carey AE, Harvey GR (1978) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 20:527 Cecil HC, Bitman J, Lillie RJ, Fries GF, Verrett J (1974) Bull. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 11:489 Clark DR Jr (1978) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Mammalian and Environmental Toxicology by S. Safe, L. Safe, M. Mullin (auth.), Prof. Dr. Stephen Safe (eds.)
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