By UN-HABITAT
ISBN-10: 1849711755
ISBN-13: 9781849711753
ISBN-10: 1849711763
ISBN-13: 9781849711760
The world's city inhabitants now exceeds the world's rural inhabitants. What does this suggest for the kingdom of our towns, given the stress this worldwide demographic shift is putting upon present city infrastructures? Following on from earlier nation of the World's towns experiences, this variation makes use of the framework of 'The city Divide' to examine the advanced social, political, financial and cultural dynamics of city environments. particularly, the publication specializes in the concept that of the 'right to the town' and ways that many city dwellers are excluded from the benefits of urban existence, utilizing the framework to discover hyperlinks between poverty, inequality, slum formation and fiscal development. the amount might be crucial interpreting for all execs and policymakers within the box, in addition to a necessary source for researchers and scholars in all points of city improvement. released with UN-Habitat.
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Additional resources for State of the World's Cities 2010-2011: Bridging the Urban Divide
Example text
UN-HABITAT, 2006. World Bank, 2007. 3059. A total of 94 countries are included, for which data on poverty rate relative to the national poverty line was available between 1997 and 2007 in either the World Bank World Development Indicators or European Commission. ) Eurostat statistics database. , 1996. THE WEALTH OF CITIES 6 Commission on Growth and Development, 2009. OECD, 2008. Naudé & Krugell, 2004. Van Dijk, 2007. Sources: for New York, Sydney, Mexico City, Paris, Lisbon, Brussels, Budapest, Seoul: OECD, 2008; for Bangalore, New Delhi, Mumbai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai: van Dijk, 2007, and Naudé & Krugell, 2004.
For most countries – except those already highly urbanized, such as Djibouti, Mauritius, Reunion and Seychelles – the transition will only occur after 2040, with the exception of Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe, where it is expected by 2030. The low rates of urbanization in East Africa result from a variety of factors, including low industrialization, over-dependence on subsistence agriculture, inadequate or outdated land policies, lack of prourban development strategies, insufficient investment in secondary and small cities, past colonial policies that discouraged rural-to-urban migration, and apparent lack of political will to address the “urban question” and turn cities and towns into engines of national growth.
22 Given the lower incidence of relative poverty in urban areas, the overall poverty rate (urban and rural) can be expected to decline as the share of the urban population rises – assuming that the distribution of income within urban or rural areas remains unchanged. Urban growth is, therefore, both positive and necessary for rural poverty reduction. The inverse relationship between urbanization and poverty is indeed THE WEALTH OF CITIES ▲ Seoul, South Korea. The city contributes close to 50 per cent of the country’s wealth.
State of the World's Cities 2010-2011: Bridging the Urban Divide by UN-HABITAT
by James
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