Information Theory and Evolution by John Scales Avery PDF

By John Scales Avery

ISBN-10: 9812384006

ISBN-13: 9789812384003

This hugely interdisciplinary e-book discusses the phenomenon of lifestyles, together with its foundation and evolution (and additionally human cultural evolution), opposed to the history of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and knowledge idea. one of the critical subject matters is the seeming contradiction among the second one legislations of thermodynamics and the excessive measure of order and complexity produced by means of residing structures. This paradox has its answer within the info content material of the Gibbs loose strength that enters the biosphere from outdoor assets, because the writer indicates. The position of data in human cultural evolution is one other concentration of the publication. one of many ultimate chapters discusses the merging of knowledge expertise and biotechnology right into a new self-discipline — bio-information know-how.

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Next, Darwin reminds us of the way in which mankind has produced useful races of domestic animals and plants by selecting from each generation those individuals which show any slight favorable variation, and by using these as parents for the next generation. A closely similar process occurs in nature, Darwin tells us: Wild animals and plants exhibit slight variations, and in nature there is always a struggle for existence. This struggle follows from the fact that every living creature produces offspring at a rate which would soon entirely fill up the world if no check ever fell on the growth of population.

In peas, dwarfism is a recessive characteristic, while tallness is dominant. Each plant has two sets of genes, one from each parent. Whenever the gene for tallness is present, the plant is tall, regardless of whether it also has a gene for dwarfism. When Mendel crossed the pure- 35 36 INFORMATION THEORY AND EVOLUTION breeding dwarf plants with pure-breeding tall ones, the hybrids received one type of gene from each parent. Each hybrid had a tall gene and a dwarf gene; but the tall gene was dominant, and therefore all the hybrids were tall.

In this famous "Monkey Trial", Scopes was let off with a small CHARLES DARWIN'S LIFE AND WORK 29 fine, but the anti-evolution laws remained in force. It was only in 1968 that the State Legislature of Tennessee repealed its laws against the teaching of evolution8. In 1863 Huxley, who was not afraid of controversy, published a book entitled Evidences of Man's Place in Nature, and this was followed in 1871 by Darwin's book The Descent of Man. Huxley and Darwin brought forward a great deal of evidence to show that human beings are probably descended from an early ape-like primate which is now extinct.

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Information Theory and Evolution by John Scales Avery


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