By L. M. G. Feijs
ISBN-10: 0521434572
ISBN-13: 9780521434577
Formal specification is a technique for accurately modelling computer-based platforms that mixes thoughts from software program engineering and mathematical good judgment. during this ebook the authors describe algebraic and state-based specification concepts from the unified view of the typical Object-oriented Language for layout, chilly, a wide-spectrum language within the culture of VDM and Z. The kernel language is defined intimately, with many examples, together with: set illustration, a demonstrate machine, an INGRES-like database approach, and a line editor. primary thoughts corresponding to preliminary algebra semantics, free semantics, partial capabilities, hiding, sharing, predicate and dynamic good judgment, abstraction capabilities, illustration of invariants and black-box correctness also are provided. extra complex rules, for instance Horn common sense, and big platforms are given within the ultimate half. Appendices include complete info of the language's syntax and a specification library. concepts for software program improvement and layout are emphasized all through, so the booklet should be a very good selection for classes in those parts.
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On the one hand, it is frustrating to have quality assurance engineers, who are often overworked and not always experts in the fine points of Java, make questionable decisions about bug reports. On the other hand, it is remarkable that Sun puts the bug reports and their resolutions onto the Web, for anyone to scrutinize. The “bug parade” is a very useful resource for programmers. You can even vote for your favorite bug. Bugs with lots of votes have a high chance of being fixed in the next JDK release.
58. 59. showOpenDialog(null); 60. setIcon(new ImageIcon(name)); } 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. } }); Chapter 2. exit(0); } }); 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. } 78. 79. private private private private 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. JLabel label; JFileChooser chooser; static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300; static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 400; } Building and Running Applets The first two programs presented in this book are Java applications, stand-alone programs like any native programs. On the other hand, as we mentioned in the last chapter, most of the hype about Java comes from its ability to run applets inside a web browser.
In particular, there are three special floating-point values to denote overflows and errors: • • • Positive infinity Negative infinity NaN (not a number) 41 Chapter 3. Fundamental Programming Structures in Java 42 Chapter 3 ■ Fundamental Programming Structures in Java For example, the result of dividing a positive number by 0 is positive infinity. Computing 0/0 or the square root of a negative number yields NaN. NaN (as well as corresponding Float constants) represent these special values, but they are rarely used in practice.
Formal Specification and Design by L. M. G. Feijs
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